Analysis of Occupational Safety Risks in Iron and Steel Unloading Activities

Abstract

Iron and steel unloading activities in port operations involve various work processes that present significant occupational health and safety (OHS) risks due to the use of heavy equipment, the handling of heavy materials, and interactions between workers, equipment, and the work environment. This study aimed to identify potential hazards, assess occupational safety risks, and determine appropriate risk control measures in iron and steel unloading activities at PT Pelindo Multi Terminal, Gresik Branch. A descriptive research design with a semi-quantitative approach was applied using the Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Risk Control (HIRARC) method. Data were collected through field observations, semi-structured interviews, and documentation studies. The results identified nine stages of unloading activities and 24 potential hazards originating from human factors, equipment, materials, work methods, and environmental conditions. Risk assessment revealed 1 low-risk hazard, 8 medium-risk hazards, and 15 high-risk hazards. The highest risk levels were associated with lifting, material transportation, and stacking activities. Recommended control measures include equipment inspection and maintenance, implementation of standard operating procedures, safety briefings, worker training, increased supervision, and the use of personal protective equipment. These measures are expected to reduce workplace accidents and improve occupational safety performance